PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to http://to.pbs.org/DonateEons ↓ More info below ↓ What if I told you that, more than two billion years ago, some tiny living thing started to live inside another living thing … and never left? And now, the descendants of both of those things are in you? Produced for PBS Digital Studios. Want to follow Eons elsewhere on the internet? Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/eonsshow Twitter - https://twitter.com/eonsshow Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/eonsshow/ References: Chemical and membrane similarities between prokaryotes and organelles: Margolin W. 2005. FTSZ and the division of prokaryotic cells and organelles. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 6(11): 862-871. doi:10.1038/nrm1745 Wise RR, Hoober JK. 2007. Structure and function of plastids. Springer, Berlin. (Chapter 5) ISBN 9781402065705 Zeth K, Thein M. 2010. Porins in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: common themes and variations. Biochemical Journal 431(1): 13-22. DOI: 10.1042/BJ20100371 Fischer K, Weber A, Brink S, Arbinger B, Schünemann D, Borchert S, Heldt HW, Popp B, Link TA, Eckeskorn C, Flügge U-I. 1994. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of two new members of the porin family. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 269(41): 25754-25760. http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25754.long Fairman JW, Noinaj N, Buchanan SK. 2011. The structural biology of β-barrel membrane proteins: a summary of recent reports. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 21(4): 523-531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2011.05.005 Mileykovskaya E, Dowhan W. 2009. Cardiolipin membrane domains in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1788(10): 2084-2091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.04.003 Organelle genomes, organelle dependence on the host cells: Timmis JN, Ayliffe MA, Huang CY, Martin W. 2004. Endosymbiotic gene transfer: organelle genomes forge eukaryotic chromosomes. Nature Reviews Genetics 5: 123-135. doi:10.1038/nrg1271 Andersson SGE, Zomorodipour A, Andersson JO, Sicheritz-Pontén T, Alsmark UCM, Podowski RM, Näslund AK, Eriksson A-S, Winkler HH, Kurland CG. 1998. The genome sequence of Rickettsia prowazekii and the origin of mitochondria. Nature 396: 133-140. doi:10.1038/24094 Stoebe B, Kowallik KV. 1999. Gene-cluster analysis in chloroplast genomics. Trends in Genetics 15, 344–347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(99)01815-6 Douglas A, Raven JA. 2003. Genomes at the interface between bacteria and organelles. Philosophical Transactions B 358(1429): 5-18. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2002.1188 Dagan T, Roettger M, Stucken K, Landan G, Koch R, Major P, Gould SB, Goremykin VV, Rippka R, Tandeue de Marsac N, Gugger M, Lockhart PJ, Allen JF, Brune I, Maus I, Pühler A, Martin WF. 2013. Genomes of stigonematalean cyanobacteria (Subsection V) and the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis from prokaryotes to plastids. Genome Biology and Evolution 5(1): 31-44. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs117 History of the idea: Sagan, L. 1967. On the origin of mitosing cells. Journal of Theoretical Biology 14(3): 225-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(67)90079-3 Oldest fossil appearances: Bengtson S, Sallstedt T,Belivanova V, Whitehouse M. 2017. Three-dimensional preservation of cellular and subcellular structures suggest 1.6 billion-year-old crown-group red algae. PLOS Biology 15(3): e2000735. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2000735 Bengtson S, Rasmussen B, Ivarsson M, Muhling J, Broman C, Marone F, Stampononi M, Bekker A. 2017. Fungus-like mycelial fossils in 2.4-billion-year-old vesicular basalt. Nature Ecology & Evolution 1, Article number: 0141 (2017) doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0141

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Conan sets the record straight about his longtime Associate Producer and #ConanItaly travel companion Jordan Schlansky. Subscribe to watch more Team Coco videos https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCi...

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Get a Wonderful Person shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/whatdamath Classic Mars design is on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3wDGy2i Alternatively, PayPal donations can be sent here: http://paypal.me/whatdamath Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about new data from Gaia telescope that predicts the future of the sun, the solar system and planet Earth Links: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_Earth https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Gaia/Gaia_reveals_the_past_and_future_of_the_Sun Faint Earth Paradox: https://youtu.be/9nKHASVD1CY #earth #sun #gaia Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdamath Bitcoin/Ethereum to spare? Donate them here to help this channel grow! bc1qnkl3nk0zt7w0xzrgur9pnkcduj7a3xxllcn7d4 or ETH: 0x60f088B10b03115405d313f964BeA93eF0Bd3DbF Space Engine is available for free here: http://spaceengine.org Enjoy and please subscribe. Twitter: https://twitter.com/WhatDaMath Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/whatdamath Twitch: http://www.twitch.tv/whatdamath The hardware used to record these videos: New Camera: https://amzn.to/34DUUlv CPU: https://amzn.to/2LZFQCJ Video Card: https://amzn.to/2M1W26C Motherboard: https://amzn.to/2JYGiQQ RAM: https://amzn.to/2Mwy2t4 PSU: https://amzn.to/2LZcrIH Case: https://amzn.to/2MwJZz4 Microphone: https://amzn.to/2t5jTv0 Mixer: https://amzn.to/2JOL0oF Recording and Editing: https://amzn.to/2LX6uvU Some of the above are affiliate links, meaning I would get a (very small) percentage of the price paid. Thank you to all Patreon supporters of this channel Special thanks also goes to all the wonderful supporters of the channel through YouTube Memberships Images/Videos: Fsgregs CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_Earth#/media/File:Red_Giant_Earth_warm.jpg Richard Powell CC BY-SA 2.5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzsprung–Russell_diagram#/media/File:HRDiagram.png ESA/Gaia/DPAC, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2018/04/Gaia_s_Hertzsprung-Russell_diagram S. Steinhöfel CC BY 4.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faint_young_Sun_paradox#/media/File:Diagram_of_the_life_of_Sun-like_stars.jpg Licenses used: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/

If you don t move, the car won t see you. Check out this very close shave in this behind the scenes of The Grand Tour. » SUBSCRIBE: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZ1Sc5xjWpUnp_o_lUTkvgQ?sub_co...

The young Norwegian trumpeter Tine Thing Helseth tells stories of love and loss on her solo debut CD for EMI Classics. She performs a programme of songs by Grieg, Strauss, Sibelius, Ravel,...